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Brown v. Board of Education
Segregation of Schools
On May 17, 1954 the Supreme Court declared that “separate educational facilities are inherently unequal” and ended years of racial segregation in public schools. This important milestone in the civil rights movement impacted schools and individuals across the country for years to come. View scenes of crucial moments from the struggle to desegregate American schools.


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Before Brown v. Board of Education, many states sent white and black students to separate schools. This school from the 1930s was an exception.
Catalog ID: 491007
The unanimous ruling in Brown was brought about through the efforts of many dedicated lawyers, who worked for years before the Court finally handed down a decision. Schools like Little Rock’s Central High School were desegregated as a result, but the backlash showed that integration would not be an easy process.
Catalog ID: 489498, 493017
Many white Americans opposed integration despite the Supreme Court ruling. Pickets and racial violence were used to prevent African Americans from attending previously all-white schools, and the National Guard was often called in to enforce desegregation.
Catalog ID: 286751
School desegregation was a long and difficult process that continued into the 1960s. This Dallas school integration proceeded peacefully as parents escorted their children to school.
Catalog ID: 446948
In 1963, the University of Alabama became another civil rights battleground, when Governor George Wallace stood in the schoolhouse door and refused to allow the admission of two black students.
Catalog ID: 362184
Thurgood Marshall argued against many racial discrimination laws before the Supreme Court, the most famous of which was the Brown case. In 1967, President Johnson nominated him to a position on the Supreme Court, where he became the Court’s first African-American Justice.
Catalog ID: 425957, 425365
Major success in desegregation had been achieved by the early 1970s. Many schools in the South, like this one in Georgia, were integrated.
Catalog ID: 19612, 19614
During the 1970s, school busing became the next controversy in integration. It provoked comment from prominent politicians and violent opposition in Boston.
Catalog ID: 444721, 494188

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