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U.N. Forces in Korea
MS two U.S. Army soldiers hiking up steep hill in snowy Korea, lead soldier carrying Browning Automatic Rifle (BAR) light machine gun. Rear view MS two U.S. Army soldiers in heavy winter gear (including US issue arctic caps aka ushanka hats) trudging up steep hill with rifles -- lead soldier has grenade-launcher affixed to M1 Garand rifle. MS young white male U.S. soldier patrolling through brush with rifle, snowy mountains in BG. MSs U.S. soldiers crawling, crouching, advancing through snowy woods. MS U.S. soldier firing BAR from behind tree. MS U.S. soldier firing M1 Garand rifle during firefight in woods. MS soldier firing submachine gun. TLS U.S. soldiers in woods during firefight, sergeant kneeling on ground and pushing heel of soldier in FG. VO: "The United Nations offensive grinds forward. Avoiding clogged roads, U.S. and South Korean troops advance through the hills, measuring their hard-fought gains by yards."
Korea: Truce Future Bright As Rockets Hit Reds
Korea: Truce Future Bright As Rockets Hit Reds Man wipes clean the front plates on a large searchlight. Large balloon floats over the landscape. VS American soldiers who have been wounded (according to VO) when one of these gas-filled balloons exploded; the soldiers are sitting on the ground looking kind of angry or cynical (one soldier, smoking a cigarette with an injured hand, evokes J. Dean). Wounded man on stretcher is prepared for loading onto rescue helicopter; helicopter takes off. VS United Nations troops prepare rocket launchers. Several rocket launchers release a barrage, fire flashing as each one flies. Night scenes, rockets keep firing, lighting the world around them, sometimes making visible soldiers in silhouette in foreground. All this is fairly dramatic visually for Korean War battle footage.
Propaganda in Korea
Master 1791 - Tape 2 Aerial shots of South Korean countryside and villages as viewed from U.S. military cargo plane flying overhead. MS bundled cargo in hold aboard plane. MS/CUs white male U.S. airmen cutting cargo, unloading thousands of PsyOps (Psy Ops, psychological operations, psychological warfare) propaganda leaflets over occupied areas, mad flurry of small pieces of paper flying out open doorway. VO: "Over Korea last week, the air force was flying missions of hope as well as destruction. This 5th Air Force plane unloads a cargo of leaflets on Communist conquered areas in South Korea, leaflets telling of mounting U.S. strength, of world unity in the cause of Korean freedom, of determination to drive out the invaders. As Communist forces lower an iron curtain over conquered areas, instituting Marxist reforms and bringing their brand of democracy to once-free Koreans, from the air comes word that the Red triumph is only temporary. United Nations answers communism's programs of lies and promises. To South Korea, the leaflets mean assurance that it does not stand alone."
U.S. Military Movements in Korea
Master 1487 - Tape 1 Great air to air shot of U.S. Army paratroopers jumping from twin engine C-47 military transport plane while flying over Korean countryside. Low angle LS parachutes opening up & dotting sky, C-47 in flight. Air to air shot C-47 planes in flight, paratroopers leaping out, parachutes opening. Great low angle LSs parachutes filling sky, planes flying overhead. LS parachutes descending, paratroopers landing in valley. Air to air shot of paratroopers descending, landing in drop zone. (1-2) LS smoke rising from trees, telephone pole & wires in FG. MS white male U.S. Marine crouching in brush on hill, aiming & loading & firing M1 Garand rifle, fellow white male Marine watching in BG. (48-8)
Anti-Reds Are Freed In Korea
Dull in contrast and imagery Twenty two thousand anti-communist Chinese and Korean prisoners of war leave the stockades of the neutral nations repatriation commission freed to follow their choice despite violent Red objections. On the line of march their singing and waving their flags. Behind these men on the trek southward there remain in the empty camp; 21 - Americans 1 - British and over 300 South Koreans, pro Reds refusing repatriation. They have been rejected by the Reds. Posing a problem that is forgotten as the freed POW's triumphantly ride into Seoul. Establishing shot - 22 thousand freed prisoners leave the stockade. MCUS - On the line of march, their singing and waving. CUS - UN officials going over the list of men who refused to leave. MLS - Trucks loaded down with freed men. CUS - Children standing in the throngs of people waving flags.
Washington Week Show - WW 4027- "Show Open"
Composite footage (unclean) with Washington Week title and text : U.S. President George W. Bush; Saddam Hussein speaking on television address; foreign troops marching; North Korean leader Kim Jong Il saluting; law enforcement officials escorting man wearing turban into custody; John Ashcroft speaking at podium, President Bush standing to his left; adult African American woman cashier wearing reindeer ears headband, ringing up sale (Christmas shopping); currency (money) being printed.
Reds Back Down: Release 26 From Hijacked Airliner
Scratchy audio At Panmunjon, North Korea backs down from its previous refusals, and releases 26 from the Korean airliner that was hijacked in mid-flight by red agents. Among them, 2 west Germans and the US Crew members. Establishing shot - Military base at Panmunjon a lot of people walking around. MCUS - South Koreans reluctantly signing receipts for the passengers who where hi-jacked. MCUS - Passengers walking down the stairs of a holding building. MCUS - An American pilot is getting a kiss from his wife.
In Honored Glory Interment Of 2 Wars' Unknown Soldiers
Solemn ceremonies in the nation's capitol mark the entombment of the Unknown Soldiers of World War II and of the Korean heartbreak - in Arlington National Cemetery. President Eisenhower confers the Medal Of Honor, America s highest award for valor, on each of the soldiers, highlighting the Memorial Day observance. Three religions held services, Roman Catholic, Protestant and Jewish. A solemn cortege moves from the Nations Capital to Arlington National Cemetery bering In State the caskets of the Unknown Soldiers. MS - More than 100,000 gathered along the funeral route. President Eisenhower: "On behalf of a grateful people. I now present medals of honor to these two unknowns who gave their lives to the United States of America." (President Eisenhower places the medals on top of the American Flag draped coffins, the band is playing music. MS - President Eisenhower lays a huge wreath at the base of the tomb.
The President Warns of Red Designs for World Domination.
The President Warns of Red Designs for World Domination. Before a huge throng on the occasion of Detroit's 250th anniversary, President Truman issued a solemn warning that Americans must not be misled by Korean peace negotiations. In advocating rearmament, he tells his listeners that the Kremlin leaders have not changed their objectives. Police officer carries away a woman who has swooned; she leans against her hero. VS racially mixed crowd, including some closer shots of individual Americans. Harry S. Truman speaks (nat sound) to huge crowd, outdoors, downtown Detroit. He says the aim of his administration is world peace through a strong defense.
Tanks and Burning Buildings
Unidentified military tank drives away from camera, down smoke-filled city street. Military jeep covered with tree branches and camouflage drives toward shelled buildings. U.S. military tank (M-26) driving past burning buildings. Four adult Caucasian male U.S. Marines run toward building; tank parked on war-torn street in BG. POV looking out glass window from building, tank fires main gun.
Aerials of Devastated Inchon
Master 1848 - Tape 1 Aerial shots of war-torn, devastated Inchon, South Korea, shortly after yet another recapture by U.S. military forces: port and harbor, leveled industrial section, rubble, bombed-out buildings and houses, etc. Massive destruction. VO: " The port of Inchon, recently recaptured. This town, where the dramatic U.N. landing took place last September, is now in shambles, leveled by a naval bombardment... The systematic destruction pored on Inchon has left almost no building unscathed. Enemy strongpoints were eliminated before landing parties went ashore. For the fourth time in seven months Inchon changes hands."
Welcome Banner For The USS Valley Forge
Welcome Banner For The USS Valley Forge The aircraft carrier the Valley Forge gets a Hero s Welcome as it returns from the Korean War. It has a 60-day glorious record of achievement. Its carriers based planes knocked out 50 enemy planes, 150 locomotives, 140 railroad cars and 33 tanks. Not to mention enumerable trucks. MCU Banner reading Welcome with throngs of people behind it cheering, waving and just acting very happy. The Valley Forge battleship docking, sailors watching. CU Mother with child waving and she has a big smile on her face. American Sailors in their uniform dis-embarking the battleship. MCU An officer hugging his two little girls and his wife is overjoyed that hubby is back home. CU Sailor and sweethearts hugging. CU Sailor and his gal kissing. CU PT boat docking the Mansfield it is damaged by mines. MCU An officer and a sailor. MS Six Sailors with big smiles on their faces. CU Sailor with his two front teeth missing.
U.S. House Joint Resolution (H.J.Res.353)
U.S. House Representative Daniel Lungren (R-CA) reports that this was one of the top issues at the town hall meetings in his district. The majority supported the actions of U.S. President Ronald Reagan, but many wanted the U.S. government to do more. Rep. Lungren had to explain that the U.S. has to live with the reality that the Soviet Union cannot be ignored. Governments must interact with one another, the U.S. must be aware of the kind of value system the Soviet Union has in place, and the leaders that's produced. Rep. Lungren references past debates on an immediate and verifiable nuclear freeze, and poses the question of how such a thing can be possible when the Soviets make it difficult to verify findings made on the shooting down Korean Air Lines #007, or assist in any rescue mission or recovery of bodies. Rep. Lungren doesn't believe the Soviet people want war, but the U.S. is forced to deal with their government, not the people.
Speeches of MacArthur
MS U.S. Army General DOUGLAS A. MACARTHUR wearing stripped military uniform while speaking to Joint Session of U.S. Congress, delivering famous "Old Soldiers Never Die" speech (continued): "The Japanese people since the war have undergone the greatest reformation recorded in modern history, With a commendable will, eagerness to learn, and marked capacity to understand, they have from the ashes left in war's wake erected in Japan an edifice dedicated to the supremacy of individual liberty & personal dignity and in the ensuing process there has been created a truly representative government committed to the advance of political morality, freedom of economic enterprise, and social justice." Applause. "Politically, economically, and socially Japan is now abreast of many free nations of the earth and will not again fail the universal trust. That it may be counted upon to wield a profoundly beneficial influence over the course of events in Asia is attested by the magnificent manner in which the Japanese people have met the recent challenge of war, unrest & confusion surrounding them from the outside and checked communism within their own frontiers without the slightest slackening in their forward progress. I sent all four of our occupation divisions to the Korean battlefront, without the slightest qualms as to the effect of the resulting power vacuum upon Japan. The results fully justified my faith." Applause. "I know of no nation more serene, orderly & industrious, nor in which higher hopes can be entertained for future constructive service in the advance of the human race."
Ike Hailed In Formosa, Korea
"President Dwight D. Eisenhower's tour of the Orient, marred by the cancellation of his visit to Japan, takes him to Formosa, where 300,000 jam the streets and squares of Taipei to cheer him, and to Korea, where the same student demonstrators who overthrew the Syngman Rhee regime now join in a vast tumultuous crowd that gives the president a fantastic ovation." A Marine 7th fleet helicopter lands and taxis in carrying President Eisenhower where they picked him up from the cruiser St. Paul. He is greeted by Chang kai Shek in a Field's Marshall uniform. MS - Throngs of Koreans gather to greet President Eisenhower holding up banners "Welcome To Ike". MS - President Eisenhower riding in an motorcade streets lined with many people holding up banners "Welcome Ike". Shot from building roof - Thousands of people. OHS - Thousands of people where their heads look like little dots. MLS - A very long banner reading "Welcome To Korea Mr. President" CUS - Welcome President Eisenhower, one side has the Korean Fag and the other side has the American Flag. MS - Plane landing on the tarmac with the President in South Korea. MS - President Eisenhower disembarking from the plane. MLS - Premier Ho Chung and President Eisenhower on the podium. MS - Estimated amount of people is a million and a half. MCUS - Security guards holding back the over enthusiastic crowd. MS - President Eisenhower wearing a straw hat smiling from ear to ear at his warm welcome from the South Korean People.
First Calvary Division Leaves Tokyo
Adult Caucasian male war correspondents and journalists board military vessel. Bags, cases and equipment gathered on floor. Young adult male Caucasian U.S. Army soldiers waving aboard ship. Caucasian adult male military band musicians play instruments at departure. Young adult Caucasian male U.S. Navy sailors pull large rope, transport pulls away from dock.
Rep. Barbara Mikulski Speaks to Blue Collar Workers
Middle-aged and elderly adult African American and Caucasian males listening to U.S. House Representative Barbara Mikulski (D-MD) speak, off camera, about defense spending. Rep. Mikulski speaking to World War II and Korean veterans; she understands that no military can be successful without a strong military using American made products; middle-aged adult Caucasian woman seated in the BG. A strong military, good paying jobs, and a revitalized industry are paramount, should the country face a national emergency. Products of convenience are nice to have, but those products come from other nations. Should a emergency arise in the Middle East or with Libya, we cannot depend on foreign countries to provide us with the products the United States wants and needs. Mikulski ties this all back in to the need for American industries; ship building, iron, and steel workers, to continue healthy employment and produce materials for America. She comments that young adults coming out of school should be able to find good jobs in these industries, paying into the system, stabilizing Social Security and the economy on the whole.
Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders Arrive in Korea
Master 1482 - Tape 2 Rear view TLS Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Scotland unloading gear from lorry truck, U.S. Army soldiers watching on, South Korea; MS Highlanders throwing field packs over stakebed railing; MS large pile of field gear, more landing on top. MSs Highlanders, some shirtless, carrying gear along dirt path. TLS shirtless Highlander digging with shovel, another shirtless Highlander drinking water from canteen in FG. TLS two Highlanders pitching tent. MS Brigadier General BASIL COAD (Basil A. Coad), Commanding Officer of Commonwealth Forces in Korea, standing with U.S. Major General HOBART GAY (Hobart R. Gay, CG, 1st Cavalry Division). TLS/MSs U.S. Army soldiers and Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders conferring, smoking cigarettes, showing and cocking British bolt action carbine rifle. TLS mostly shirtless Highlanders standing in chow line on front line. MSs Highlanders cooking, serving grub (soup, bread, stew) to soldiers. MS two shirtless Highlanders, one sporting tattoo on arm, eating chow, sipping stew or soup from tin cup. MS Highlander eating food, smiling while sitting in shade, rifle across lap. MS two Highlanders in uniform resting on ground, one pulling jungle hat over eyes, trying to get some rest; machine gun on pack by head. VO:"... for American and South Korean troops, the United Kingdom sends its Ladies from Hell, officially the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders. Vanguard of 1500 tough Scots, they move into the front line, taking up positions next to the U.S. 2nd Division on the Naktong River. Digging in, first order of business. Their commander, Brigadier Coad, is welcomed by General Hobart Gay, American 1st Cavalry boss. Trained in Hong Kong, whose terrain resembles Korea, the Highlanders feel almost at home. Chow call! Sharing G.I. rations, they approve wholeheartedly. The only question? Where's the tea?! 40,000 additional troops from U.N. members countries are expected soon as the free world unites to battle aggression."
LAWMAKERS
20.07.16-ROBERTS-discussion of the conflict between REAGAN and CONGRESS on LEBANON and War Powers Act. DUKE-the KOREAN AIRLINER tragedy dominated discussion-C/S Sen. CHARLES PERCY campaigning in Illinois, inviting voters into a small room. The crowd assembled is very Midwestern and rural. PERCY v.o.-the people were concerned about the Soviet Union shooting down the airliner. C/S PERCY telling the crowd that the Russkies' act will not go unpunished, mentions some international proposals to punish the Russians. C/S Sen. PERCY in office, says that actions are very important. Clip of "FACE THE NATION", where HOWARD BAKER argues that the rhetoric of Americans after the tragedy are important weapons of influence against the U.S.S.R.. 20.09.25-C/S Rep. SAM B. HALL (D-TX), calls the Russkies despicable, etc. Rep. GERALD SOLOMON (R-NY) says he was right all along, the Soviets are "inhuman barbarians". Rep. BARBARA VOCANOVICH (R-NV), says the U.S.S.R. has "revealed its true nature". Rep. MARIO BIAGGI (D-NY) denounces Soviets. C/S Rep. HENRY HYDE (R-IL) says denunciation is popular, free, and doesn't obligate any action. C/S PETER RODINO (D-NJ) says the resolution of condemnation passed by the House is not enough. C/S HYDE in debate, says that the resolution isn't worth much. 20.11.19-C/S Rep. FRANK ANNUNZIO (D-IL) proposes banning all U.S. travel to the Soviet Union and an end to shipments of grain to the U.S.S.R.. C/S HYDE in office, says the incident has helped REAGAN, particularly on the MX MISSILE. C/S Rep. TOM FOLEY (D-WA), says that REAGAN is not simply going to get his way on DEFENSE SPENDING, he still is asking for too much. C/S Rep. SAM STRATTON (D-NY) arguing for more DEFENSE SPENDING. Rep. LES AUCOIN (D-WI)says that an immoral act by the SOVIETS doesn't justify the U.S. pursuing the immoral act of producing NERVE GAS (what REAGAN wants). Rep. MARVIN LEATH (D-TX), argues that the U.S. can't hold the moral high ground on NERVE GAS since the Russians are using all over Asia DUKE v.o.-anti-Russkie sentiment won out, the DEFENSE BILL was approved. 20.14.06-HENRY HYDE in office, says that people get excited for the short term, the current hawkish mood will probably subside. C/S Rep. FOLEY, says Congress could be accused of a short attention span by cynics.
Inflation and You
Inflation and You A government-sponsored (?) informational film: "Inflation and You," narrated by Robert Montgomery. Starts off with footage of various working Americans, then moves to the Korean War and the inflationary pressures because of the war. People replace price tags with higher prices on merchandise. With rising prices, price ceilings were put into place in Jan. 1951. Newspapers come off printing press (could be any paper). Front page, New York Times, headline reads in part, "Prices and Wages Frozen to Curb Inflation." Door, Office of Price Stabilization. The film ends with a plea by the Director of the Office of Price Stabilization (Michael LaSalle?). He requests that Americans buy what they need and pay only ceiling prices. Robert Montgomery; This is America more than 3-million square miles, between two oceans. In it live 150-million Americans, millions of us work hard and earn money to buy the goods we ourselves produce. In June of last year an army crossed the 38th Parallel in Korea, once more we were threatened with war. People remembered war-time shortages and rushed to buy all sorts of goods, prices began to rise. You had to pay more for food and clothing and as a tax payer you had to pay more for the weapons and supplies needed for defense. We were heading into a dangerous Inflation. In January 1951 price ceilings were established for most of the things Americans buy, this helped to checked Inflation. Price control alone can not do the job. The real job is up to you, and your 150-million fellow Americans." Office Price Stabilization The full impact producing for defense will come in late summer or early fall. Consumer purchasing power will be increase at the same time defense production be taking a larger share of our gross national product. The Inflationary pressures will be stronger than ever. Our price tabulation program can succeed if we have the active support of the you the consumer and of all Americans. Buy only what you need, pay no more than ceiling prices. Working together we can and will defeat Inflation.
GREAT UPSET OF '48
WETA 'GREAT UPSET OF '48" IN 21.19.30-A Journalist who covered the 1948 Presidential Campaign discusses the outcome, THOMAS DEWEY losing a big lead in the POLLS to HARRY TRUMAN. Says the handicapping strategies of the day were rudimentary and not as sophisticated as exit polls today. Discusses how the press was fooled to think that DEWEY would win. Recalls the episode where DEWEY alienated union voters after his campaign train lurched into a crowd and DEWEY made an offhand remark that the engineer must have been a lunatic. Recalls some combative moments between HENRY WALLACE and the press including H.L. MENCKEN. 21.26.18-Discusses the short-lived Progressive Party founded by HENRY WALLACE, and the influence of Communists in the party. Discusses later movements by the Democratic Party to aggressively separate themselves from COMMUNISM and any slight taint of Communism. Discusses the defeat of DEWEY and electoral politics generally, says that a stronger REPUBLICAN candidate would have defeated HARRY TRUMAN in 1948. Discusses the lasting impact of Truman's victory, including the Korean war, NATO, and other policies that Truman led. Discussion of TRUMAN benefitting from postwar prosperity and the New Deal. Discusses the impact on American FOREIGN POLICY of the TRUMAN ADMINISTRATION. 21.36.10-Discussion of the BERLIN BLOCKADE and escalation of the COLD WAR during the 1948 campaign and during Truman's administration. Discussion of 1948 as the first year of TELEVISION in the American political process, but the journalist says that TELEVISION in 1948 was rather weak and didn't have great impact. 21.39.35--OUT
UN Forces Enter Seoul After Inchon Invasion!
UN Forces Enter Seoul After Inchon Invasion! First actual films of the huge amphibious assault at Inchon and the drive on the Capital City of Seoul. Marine assault forces swarm ashore at Wolmi Island following a pre-invasion bombardment by fleet units and planes. General MacArthur goes ashore soon after the landing to visit the front lines and confer with his top military chiefs. Big 'Patton' Korean red armies along the pusan beach-head. PT boat with assault weapon and US soldiers. CU the soldiers are handed their weapons belts. MCU soldier cleaning his riffle. CU soldier speaking with his commanding officer. MLS sailor signaling with flags. MLS - firing from battleship to Korea. MLS American soldiers disembarking from the battleship and embarking in to a land duck. American soldiers sitting in a duct on their way to the beach head. CU Americans landing on a smoke filled beach. MCU of war damaged buildings. CU soldiers checking out holes seeking out the enemy. MCU General MacArthur comes ashore. MS smoldering tank. MLS of American soldiers standing by General MacArthur. MCU of an American Tank. MCU of a bomb exploding there's a soldier in the shot of the exploitations.
U.S. Army Unit Sent to Protect 8th Army Withdrawls from North Korea
Master 1783 - Tape 1 MS U.S. Army soldier screwing together tent pole while kneeling in snow. MS two sweaty GIs stripped to long underwear digging trench in deep snow. LS/TLS/MSs weary U.S. Army infantry battalion trudging, marching along mountainous, snow-covered terrain; GIs wear heavy winter parkas, fur-lined Arctic caps with ear flaps, minimal webbing. Nice MS bleary-eyed soldier marching w/ M1919A6 light machine gun on bipod slung over shoulder. Sideview CU three tired white male GIs marching up hill. VO: "... this frozen, mountainous countryside north of Seoul, here are final scenes of the desperate attempt to check the Communist break-through. This United States infantry battalion tries to plug the hole ripped into U.N. lines by a spearhead of 100,000 Reds, rear guard action by troops outnumbered by 3 to 1, giving a chance to complete the evacuation of the South Korean capital. Only the night before the enemy had swarmed over these hills. Now this unit goes out to secure positions protecting the 8th Army withdrawal. The delaying tactics are barely enough; the enemy hordes are slowed down only temporarily." Edit. MS U.S. Army lieutenant marching up steep, snowy hill in wooded area, followed by GIs. MS U.S. Army soldier stepping out of foxhole with M1 carbine rifle in snowy wooded area VO: "... team over Hill 514, the highest ridge on the central front overlooking the Han River. Well-dug-in Chinese Communists held on for 8 days here under a continual artillery bombardment."
President Calls for Vigilance as Price of Peace
Speaking on the 175th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, President Truman warns that peace in Korea does not mean a lessening of world tension, as long as Russia remains an armed camp. He says vigilance is the price of peace. Harry S Truman speaks at podium to large crowds (nat sound, we hear the echo), talks about continuing to build up defenses and refers to Communist lies. Establishing shot - Audience in attendance to see President Truman speaking. MS - President Truman standing at the podium. President Harry S. Truman: "Our constant aim in Korea has been peace under the principals of the United Nations. Time and again since their aggression started, we have proposed that the fighting be stop and that peace be restored in accordance with those principals. Now at last the Communist leaders have offered to confer about an armistice, it may be that they have decided to give up their aggressions in Korea. If this is true, the road to a peaceful settlement of Korean conflict is open. We can not ignore the danger of military outbreaks in other parts of the world. The greatest threat to world peace the tremendous arm power of the Soviet Union will still remain, even if the Korean fighting stops. The threat of Soviet aggression still hangs heavy over many a country including our own. We must continue therefore to build up our military forces at a record rate. We must continue to help build up the defenses of other free nations, and we must continue to struggle to overcome the constant effort of the Soviet rulers to dominate the world, by lies and press (?) and subversion. This truth is unscrupulous, it evil propaganda attack, we can not overcome with military weapons. We can not transfix a lie with a bayonet or a blast of a sheet of machine gun fire. The only weapons against such enemies are truth and fair dealings".